Spatial Analysis of The Effects of Distributive Justice Indices on Rural Areas Resilience to Drought (Case Study: Rural Areas in West of Urmia Lake)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Due to a better understanding of the status of resilience and optimal management of distribution services, it will be essential to analysis of spatial resilience patterns and examine the spatial relationships between resilience and influencing factors, including distributive justice. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptive-analytical study is to investigate distributive justice and its effect on the resilience of villages west of Lake Urmia to drought. The statistical population of the present study was all villages located within 10 km of the shore of Lake Urmia, which were selected 53 villages as a research environment and finally 380 households as the human analysis units using the Cochran's formula and by multi-stage random sampling method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In this study, the effective factors (distributive justice indices) on the resilience of the studied villages were investigated by geographic weighted regression (GWR). The results of GWR regression showed that the variables entered in the model explain 47.8% of the dependent variable. Also, the results of regression model (OLS) showed that infrastructure, trade-service and economic indicators have the greatest impact on the resilience to drought in the studied villages.

Keywords

Main Subjects


References (in Persian)
Amin nayeri, B., Bodaghlo, S., Rafieian, M., (2017), Seven Urban Spatial Analysis Services Based on Distributive Justice Approach. Urban Planning Knowledge, 1(1): 55-69. [In Persian]
Parizadi, T., Mirzazadeh, H., (2018), Analysis of Factors Affecting Regional Development in Iran. Researches in Geographical Sciences, 18 (50) :179-198. [In Persian]
Hosseini, S. M., Sharifzadeh, A., Gholamrezaei S., Akbari, M., (2012), Explaining Components of Drought Crisis Management in Southeastern Rural and Nomadic Areas of Iran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 42(2): 185-197. [In Persian]
Heidari Sareban, V.,   Majnouni Toutakhaneh, A., (2017), The Role of Livelihood Diversity on the Resilience of rural households living around the Lake Urmia against drought. Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazarts, 3(4): 49-70. [In Persian]
Roknedin Eftekhari A., Moosavi, S. M., Poortaheri, M., Farajzadeh Asl, M., (2014), Analysis of the role of livelihood diversity to rural household resilience in drought condition: case study of the drought exposed areas of Isfahan province. Journal of Rural Research, 5(2): 639-662. [In Persian]
Zeynali, B., Safarian Zengir, V., (2017), Drought monitoring in Urmia Lake by fuzzy index. Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards, 6(12): 37-62. [In Persian]
Sharifinia, Z., (2019), Assessing the Social Resilience of Rural Areas against Flooding using FANP and WASPAS Models (Case Study: Chardange District of Sari County). Geography and Environmental Hazards, 8(2), 1-26. [In Persian]
Sadeghloo, T., Sojasi Qeidari H., (2014), Ranking of Effective Factors for Farmer Resilience increasing Against of Natural Hazards (With emphasis on drought) Study area: rural farmer in Ijrud province. Geography and Environmental Hazards, 3(10), 129-153. [In Persian]
Abadolhzadeh Malki, Sh,. Khanlo, N., (2017), Assessment and evaluation of social resilience in coping with natural disasters Case study: earthquake in historical districts of Ardebil. Urban Management, 16(48): 263-280. [In Persian]
Anabestani, A., Javanshiri, M., Mahmoudi, H., Darban Astaneh, M., (2018), Spatial Analysis of Villagers’ Resilience Against Environmental Hazards (A Case Study of Central District of Faruj County). Journal of Spatial Analysis Envaironmental Hazard, 2018; 5 (1) :17-38. [In Persian]
Manouchehri miandoab, A., Anvari, A., Ahar, H., (2019), An Analysis of Spatial Justice and its Impact on the City's political Ecology Case study: Tehran metropolis, 10(38), 89-100. [In Persian]
Noori, S.H., Sepahvand, F., (2016), Analysis of Rural Area Resilience Against Earthquake; Case Study: Shirvan District (Boroujerd County). Journal of Rural Research, 7(2): 272-285. [In Persian]
Hendi, H., Eghbali, N., Sarvar, R., Pishgahi Fard, Z., (2016), Survey of Density Effect on the Resilience of urban region (case study: Neighborhoods, Area number one of fourteen region in Tehran). Quarterly Journal of Human Geography, 8(3): 39-53. [In Persian]
 
References (in English)
Alam, E., (2018), Climate Impacts and Adaptation Strategies of the Bangladeshi Coastal Communities. American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 14(4): 195-202
Barton, D., Morton, J., Hendy, C., (2001), Drought contingency planning for pastoral livilhoods. Natural Resources Institute policy, series 15: 1-38.
Beckman, M., (2006), Resilient Society, Vulnerable People: A Study of Disaster Response and Recovery from Floods in Central Vietnam. Doctoral thesis; Faculty of Natural Resources and Agriculture Sciences; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
Brand, F. S., Jax. K., (2007), Focusing the Meaning (s) of Resilience: Resilience as a Descriptive Concept and a Boundary Object. Ecology & Society, 12 (1), 1-19.
Cutter, S. L., Barnes, L., Berry, M., Burton., C. Evans, E., Tatr, E., Webb, J., (2008), A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters. Global Environmental Change, 18(4): 598-606.
Cutter, S. L., Burton, Ch. G., Christopher T. E., (2008), Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions, Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 7(1): 235–239T DOI: 10.2202/1547-7355.1732.
Hassink, R., (2010), Regional resilience: a promising concept to explain differences in regional economic adaptability? Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3: 45 - 58.
Holling, C.S., (1973), Biodiversity in the functioning of ecosystems: an ecological synthesis". Economic and ecological issues. Cambridge University press, Cambridge. pp.44-83.
MacKinnon, D., Derickson, K.D., (2012), From Resilience to Resourcefulness: a Critique of Resilience Policy and Activism. Progress in Human Geography, 37(2): 253-270.
Masten, A. S., Powell, J. L., (2003), A Resilience Framework for Research, Policy and Practice. In S. S. Luthar (Eds.), Resilience and Vulnerability: Adaptation in the Context of Childhood Adversities (pp. 1-26). New York: Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511615788.003.
McManus, P., Walmsley, J., Argent, N., Baum, S., Bourke, L., Martin, J., Pritchard, B., Sorensen, T., (2012), Rural Community and Rural Resilience: What is important to farmers in keeping their country towns alive? Journal of Rural Studies, 49: 21-28.
Norris, F.H., Stevens, S.P., Pfefferbaum, B., Wyche, K.F., Pfefferbaum, R.L., (2008), Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. American Journal of Community Psychology. 41 (1–2): 127–150.
Pike, A., Dawley, S., Tomaney, J., (2010), Resilience, adaptation and adaptability. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3: 59-70.
Rose, A., (2004), Defining and measuring economic resilience to disasters. disaster prevention and management, 13(4): 307 – 314.
Saja, A.M.A., Teo, M., Goonetilleke, A., Ziyath, A. M., (2018), An inclusive and adaptive framework for measuring social resilience to disasters. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 28, 862-873.
Skerratt, S (2013). Enhancing the analysis of rural community resilience: Evidence from community land ownership. Journal of Rural Studies, 31: 36-46.
Speranza, I. Ch., Wiesmann, U., Rist, S., (2014), An indicator framework for assessing livelihood resilience in the context of social–ecological dynamics. Global Environmental Change, 28: 109-119.
Vasquez- leon, M., Wast, C., Finan, T., (2003), A comparative assessment of climate vulnerability: agriculture and ranching on both sides of us-mexico border. Global Environmental Change, 13: 159-173.
Wilson, G.A., (2012), Community resilience, globalization, and transitional pathways of decision-making. Geoforum, 43(6): 1218-1231.