Effect of salt dust caused by drying of Lake Urmia on three strategic crops of Azerbaijan

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 MSc of plant physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of basic sciences, Azarbaijan shahid madani university, Tabriz, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of plant physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of basic sciences, Azarbaijan shahid madani university, Tabriz, Iran

3 Professor of plant physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan shahid madani university, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

The dust is one of the natural hazards of arid and semi-arid regions, including Iran. When this problem coincides with the drying up of the largest salt lake in the Middle East (Lake Urmia), the occurrence of a salt dust storm will be inevitable, which will have profound effects on human communities, animals and plants. On the other hand, agriculture and the growth of crops are also strongly affected by dust deposition on the leaf surface. Therefore, in order to investigate the effect of dust on growth and some physiological characteristics of three important crops in Azerbaijan, namely wheat C3 monocot (Triticum aestivum L.), corn C4 monocot (Zea mays L.) and chickpea C3 dicot (Cicer arietinum L.), a completely random experiment designed with three replications. Treatments included two levels of dust (zero and 10 grams of dust per m2), Application of dust for 3 days had no significant effect on wheat growth. Maize responded to this environmental pollution by increasing growth and chickpeas by decreasing growth. The content of photosynthetic pigments decreased in chickpea leaves, increased in wheat and remained constant in corn. Dust increased the sugar content of corn and peas. Also, exposure to dust had little effect on the total protein content of wheat and corn, while the protein content of chickpeas showed a significant and clear decrease. Changes in the various parameters of the studied plant species can be considered as an adaptation to protect plants against dust stress. Corn and wheat seem to be more resilient, but chickpeas are stunted. Selecting a suitable crop species for cultivation in areas that receive a large amount of salty dust annually can be one of the important strategies to reduce the adverse effects of dust on the agricultural economy.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

References (in Persian)
Ahmadi, K., Golizadeh, H.A., Ebadzadeh, H.R., Hosseinpour, R., Abdshah, H., Kazemian, A., Rafiei, M., (2016), Agricultural Statistics 94- 95. Volume One: Crops. ISSN: 9789644670787.[In Persian]
 Arvin, A. A., Cheraghi S. and Cheraghi S., (2013), Evaluation of Dust Effect on the Quantitative and Qualitative Growth of Sugarcane Varieties CP57-614. Physical Geography Research Quarterly, 45(3), 95-106. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22059/JPHGR.2013.35837
Bahrami, H.A., Mirzaei, S., Darvishi Blourani, A., Darvishzadeh, R., Alavipanah, S. K., (2015), Investigation of dust effects on the spectral reflectance of wheat canopy. Remote Sensing and GIS of Iran, 7(4), 13-25. [In Persian]
Bayat, R., Jafari, S., Ghermezcheshmeh B. and Charkhabi A. H., (2016), Studying the effect of dust on vegetation changes (Case study: Shadegan wetland, Khuzestan), Journal of RS and GIS for natural Resources, 7(2), 17-32. [In Persian]
Felegari, H., Ghobadi, M.E., Ghobadi, M., Jalali Honarmand, S., Saidi, M., (2017), Effect of dust deposition on yield and yield components of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under rain fed and supplemental irrigation conditions in Kermanshah. Agroecology, 9 (2), 535-544. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22067/jag.v9i2.54549
Gohardost, A., (2016), Investigation of the effect of fine dust on the growth trend of sugarcane in southern Khuzestan, The first international conference on dust, Ahvaz, Iran. [In Persian]Hamdaleh Kazemi A., Rahimzadeh Khoei F., (1986), Changes in the pore density of chickpea leaves in dry and irrigated conditions. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 3 and 4, number 0 - consecutive number 1257, 1-11. [In Persian]
Kiani, S., Siadat S. A., and Mashayekhi Sh., (2016), Evaluation of the effect of dust on the morphology and physiology characteristics of plant growth, The first international conference on dust, Ahvaz, Iran. [In Persian]
Mohammadi nejad, J. and Khodagholi M., (2013), The statistical analysis of the drought mutual effects on micro dust intensification and wheat production performance in Lorestan dry farming lands. Watershed Engineering and Management, 5(3), 214-223. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22092/IJWMSE.2013.101845
Moradi, M., Rezazadeh, P., (2016), Seasonal study of wind and mud fields around Lake Urmia, 5th Regional conference on climate change, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]
Noori G., Aghaei V., (2012), Assessment of the Environmental Risks of the Urmia Lake Peripheral Parts Due to the Lake's Border Fluctuations During 1985 to 2010, Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards, 1(2), 79-94. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22111/jneh.2013.2457
Roohani L., Zamani M., Fotovat R., (2015), Variation in stomatal size and density of barley genotypes under drought stress and normal conditions. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 28(5), 986-994. [In Persian]
Roushani Nia, F., Naji, H., Bazgir M. and Naderi M., (2018), Effect of Simulated Dust Storm on some Bio-chemical features of Persian Oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.), Quarterly Journal of Environmental Erosion Research, 8(1), 59-73. (in Persian)
Saee, Kh., (2017), Impact of dust in Lake Urmia up to a radius of 500 km, 6 November 2017, News code: 744720. [In Persian]
Safwat Rad, N., Valizadeh K., Hejazi A., (2016), Application of remote sensing and GIS in modeling the distribution of salt particles due to the drying of Lake Urmia in the northwest of the country, Master Thesis, Department of Geomophology, Faculty of Geography and Planning, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. [In Persian]
Sayyahi, N., Meskarbashee, M., Hassibi, P., SHomeili, M., (2015), Effect of dust on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic characters of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Ahvaz. Journal of Plant Production Research, 22(3), 277-293. [In Persian]
Shahbazi, T., Saiedi, M., Nosratti I. and alali Honarmand S. J., (2016), Evaluation the Effect of airborne dust on physiological characteristics and yield of different wheat varieties (Triticum sp.), Journal of plant process and function, 5(15), 195-204. [In Persian]
Shahsavani, A., Yarahmadi, M., Jafarzade Haghighifard, N., Naimabadie, A., Mahmoudian, M. H., Saki, H., Sowlat, M. H., Soleimani Z. and Naddafi K., (2011), Dust Storms: Environmental and Health impacts. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, 2 (4), 45-56. [In Persian].  http://journal.nkums.ac.ir/article-1-458-fa.html
Shamsipour, A., Najibzadeh , F.,  Zarei Chaghabalki Z., (2013), The Numerical Modeling and Simulating of Winds Over Urmia Lake Basin, Physical Geography Research,  45(1), 119-134. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22059/JPHGR.2013.30439
Taheri Analojeh, A., Azimzadeh, H. R., Arani A. M. and Sodaiezadeh H., (2017), Investigation some of the physiological reactions of Pinus eldarica and Ligusrum ovalifolium to dust stresses. Journal of Natural Environment, 69 (4), 1027-1039. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22059/JNE.2017.118581.866
Torahi, A. and Arzani K., (2017), Study on the effects of dust on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pollination and fruit set. Journal of Plant Productions (Agronomy, Breeding and Horticulture), 40(2), 63-74. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22055/PPD.2017.19084.1374
 
References (in English)
Abuduwaili, J. and Z. Zhaoyong (2015), The disastrous effects of salt dust deposition on cotton leaf photosynthesis and the cell physiological properties in the Ebinur Basin in Northwest China. PloS one. 10 (5), 1-24.
 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124546.
Ahmed, S. (2007), Impact of air pollution on plant diseases–a review. Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology. 19,192-198.
Analojeh, A. T., H.-R. Azimzadeh, A. M. Arani and H. Sodaiezadeh (2016), Investigating and comparing short period impact of dust on physiological characteristics of three species of Pinus eldarica, Cupressus sempervirens, and Ligustrum ovalifolium. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 9(4), 244,1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-015-2241-5
Borka, G. (1981), Effect of cement-kiln dust on the maize plant. Acta Agronomica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, Budapest. 30, 289-295.
Bradford, M. M. (1976), A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical biochemistry.72, 248-254.  https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
Cabungcag, L., M. H. Madroñal, J. B. A. Olila, D. P. Quilatan and V. R. K. R. Galarpe (2017), Dust and chlorophyll contents of selected plant species along the highway in cagayan de oro city, philippines. Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine. 9, 725-730. https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2017.2062
Farmer, A. M. (1993), The effects of dust on vegetation-a review. Environmental pollution, 79(1): 63-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(93)90179-R
Hirano, T., Kiyota, M., Kitaya Y. and Aiga I., (1990), The physical effects of dust on photosynthetic rate of plant leaves. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology. 46, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.2480/agrmet.46.1
Irwe, R., S. Sontakke, S. Sheikh and M. Darade (2017), Study of dust deposition on leaves of some plant species in GVISH. Campus of Amravati (MS) India. International Journal of Life Sciences. 5, 639-643.
Joseph, H. and H. Roe (1955), The determination of sugar in blood and spinal fluid with anthrone reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 212, 335-343.
Kameswaran, S., Y. Gunavathi and P. G. Krishna (2019), Dust pollution and its influence on vegetation–a critical analysis. Research Journal of Life Sciences, Bioinformatics, Pharmaceutical and Chemical Sciences, 5(1), 341-363. https://doi.org/10.26479/2019.0501.31
Kumar, S. R., T. Arumugam, C. Anandakumar, S. Balakrishnan and D. Rajavel (2013), Use of plant species in controlling environmental pollution. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences. 2, 52-63. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.604.113
Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987), Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in enzymology: Elsevier, 34, 350-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(87)48036-1
Ram, S., S. Majumder, P. Chaudhuri, S. Chanda, S. Santra, A. Chakraborty and M. Sudarshan (2015), A review on air pollution monitoring and management using plants with special reference to foliar dust adsorption and physiological stress responses. Critical reviews in environmental science and technology. 45, 2489-2522.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2015.1046775
Ranjbar, A. and E. Zandi Esfahan (2017), Effects of atmospheric dust deposition on leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of cow-tail shrubs (Smirnovia iranica) in the desert regions of Kashan, Iran. Environmental Resources Research,  5, 135-142. https://doi.org/10.22069/IJERR.2016.3871
Saberi, M., Modarres-Sanavy, S. A. M., Zare, R., Ghomi, H., (2019), Improvement of photosynthesis and photosynthetic productivity of winter wheat by cold plasma treatment under haze condition. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 21, 1889-1904. http://jast.modares.ac.ir/article-23-18761-en.html
Sarma, B., S. K. Chanda and M. Bhuyan (2017), Impact of dust accumulation on three roadside plants and their adaptive responses at National Highway 37, Assam, India. Tropical Plant Research. 4,161-167.
https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2017.v4.i1.023
Seyyednejad, S., M. Niknejad and H. Koochak (2011), A review of some different effects of air pollution on plants. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences. 5, 302-309. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjes.2011.302.309
Sharifi, Z., M. Saeidi, I. Nosrati and H. Heidary, (2019), The effect of dust particles on grain yield and some of the physiological and biochemical characteristics of wheat in west of Iran. Plant Productions. 42 (2), 149-164. https://doi.org/10.22055/PPD.2019.21856.1470
Sundar, S. and R. Naresh (2017), Modeling the effect of dust pollutants on plant biomass and their abatement from the near earth atmosphere. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment. 3, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-017-0302-3
Ulrichs, C., B. Welke, T. Mucha-Pelzer, A. Goswami and I. Mewis (2008), Effect of solid particulate matter deposits on vegetation: a review. Function Plant Science and Biotechnology. 2, 56-62.
Zia-Khan, S., W. Spreer, Y. Pengnian, X. Zhao, H. Othmanli, X. He and J. Müller (2015), Effect of dust deposition on stomatal conductance and leaf temperature of cotton in northwest China. Water. 7, 116-131.  https://doi.org/10.3390/w7010116

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 04 September 2020
  • Revise Date: 23 November 2020
  • Accept Date: 16 January 2021
  • First Publish Date: 16 January 2021
  • Publish Date: 22 May 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics