Spatial analysis of physical-infrastructural resilience of Chamestan City against flood

Maesoumian, Roghayyeh; Motevalli, Sadroddin; Janbaz Ghobadi, GholamReza; Khaledi, Shahriar

doi:10.22111/jneh.2021.36464.1725

Spatial analysis of physical-infrastructural resilience of Chamestan City against flood

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

¹ Ph.D. Student of Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Geography, Islamic Azad University of Nour, Iran

² Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Islamic Azad University of Nour Branch

³ Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Islamic Azad University of Nour Branch

⁴ Professor, Department of Physical Geography, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran

10.22111/jneh.2021.36464.1725

Abstract

One of the affective dimensions in measuring the level of urban resilience against urban floods is the physical-infrastructural dimension which through it the state of society can be assessed in terms of physical and geographical characteristics affecting the occurrence of floods. Irregular and uncoordinated development of Chamestan urban area due to human activities for the development of the city has directly changed many areas of the city in a very short time, as a result of which, risks such as floods are created. This study aims to analyze the relationships between factors affecting the physical infrastructure resilience of Chamestan city against urban floods. Indices of physical-infrastructural resilience according to the study area, including access, construction, and distance from the natural hazardous environment, were examined in the form of 12 sub-indicators. After standardizing the sub-indices with fuzzy membership functions, to overlap them and prepare the three mentioned indices, the process of hierarchical analysis and expert opinions were used. Access to health centers (0.374) is the most important sub-indicator of access, building quality (0.647) is the most effective variable of structure and building index, and distance from the river (0.643) is the most important sub-indicator of distance from the dangerous natural environment. According to the final zoning map of physical-infrastructural resilience, most of the area of Chamestan city, central and northern parts of the city, is located at the level of physical-infrastructural resilient or relatively resilient against floods. The northern part of the city, which is the main core of Chamestan, is in the categories of non-resilience and low physical- infrastructure resilience.

Keywords

20.1001.1.26764377.1401.11.32.3.2

Main Subjects

Environmental Hazards

References

References (in Persian)

Abdollahzadeh, A., Ownegh, M., Sadoddinn, A., and Mostafazadeh, R. (2016). Technical Note: ‎Constraints to residential land use development arising from flood ‎and runoff coefficient in a land use planning framework, case study: ‎Ziarat Watershed, Golestan Province. Watershed Engineering and Management, 8(2), pp 221-235. 10.22092/IJWMSE.2016.106462. [In Persian]

Fallah, M., Masood, M., and Navaei, A. (2014). The role of flexible and resilient urban space design in crisis management. 5^th International Conference on Comprehensive Environmental Crisis Management (INDM 2014), pp 1354-1363. https://civilica.com/doc/252366. [In Persian]

Ghodsipour, H. (2016). Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). 20^th Edition, Amir Kabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. 222p. http://publication.aut.ac.ir/fa/book/show/1037. [In Persian]

Gholami, M., and Ahmadi, M. (2019). Micro-zoning flood hazard in Lamerd City using AHP, GIS, and Fuzzy method. Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards, 8(20), pp 101-114. https://dx.doi.org/10.22111/jneh.2018.22505.1334. [In Persian]

Hatami Nejad, H., Farhadi Khah, H., Arvin, M., and Rahim Pour, N. (2017). Investigation of the dimensions influencing urban resilience using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) (Case study: Ahwaz city). Disaster Prevention and Management Knowledge, 7(1), pp 35-45. http://dpmk.ir/article-1-112-en.html. [In Persian]

Hosseinzadeh, M.M., Derafshi, KH., and Mirbagheri, B. (2013). Modeling forest extent change and its influencing factors, using a logistic regression model in a GIS environment, (case study: Vaz and Lavij basins). Forest and Poplar Research, 21(1), pp 86-98. https://dx.doi.org/10.22092/ijfpr.2013.3805. [In Persian]

Khaledi, SH., Ghahroodi Tali, M., and Farahman, GH. (2019). Measuring and Evaluating the Resilience of Urban Areas Against Urban Flooding (Case Study: Urmia City). Sustainable Development of Geographical Environment, 1(2), pp 1-15. http://geographyearth/article/view/29611/8689. [In Persian]

Mahmoodzadeh, H., Emami Kia, V., and Rasooli, A.A. (2015). Micro zonation of flood risk in Tabriz Suburb with using Analytical Hierarchy Process. Geographical Researches, 30(1), pp 167-180. http://georesearch.ir/article-1-652-en.html. [In Persian]

Mirasadollahi, S.S. (2018). Evaluation of dimensions and components of urban resilience to reduce flood damage (Case study: Gorgan). PhD Thesis, Geography, and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Noor Branch. https://www.isna.ir/news/97122211790. [In Persian]

Mirasadollahi, S.S., Motevalli, S., and Janbaz Ghobadi, GH. (2020). Analysis of flood resilience of urban settlements with emphasis on economic and social indicators (Case study: Gorgan). Applied researches in Geographical Sciences, 20(59), pp 137-155. http://jgs.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3331-fa.html. [In Persian]

Nazmfar, H., Beheshti Javid, I., and Fathi, M.H. (2013). Zoning of flood potential and flooding using fuzzy logic model (Case study: Ghorichai river basin). 2^nd International Conference on Environmental Hazards, November 7-8, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. https://civilica.com/doc/307436. [In Persian]

Rajaei, Z. (2015). Gorgan city resilience assessment. Master Thesis, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Oloom va Tahghighat Branch, Tehran, 253p. http://psp.journals.pnu.ac.ir. [In Persian]

Shokri Firoozjah, P. (2017). Spatial analysis of the resilience of Babol's regions to environmental hazards. Journal of Physical Development Planning, 2(6), pp 27-44. http://psp.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_4146.html. [In Persian].

References (in English)

Bertilsson, L., Wiklund, K., Tebaldj, I.M., Rezende, O.M., Veról, A.P., and Miguez, M.G. (2018). Urban flood resilience - A multi-criteria index to integrate flood resilience into urban planning. Journal of Hydrology, 573, pp 970-982. doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.06.052.

Bodoque, J. M., Amérigo, M., Díez-Herrero, A., García, J. A., Cortés, B., Ballesteros-Cánovas, J. A., and Olcina, J. (2016). Improvement of resilience of urban areas by integrating social perception in flash flood risk management. Journal of Hydrology, 541, pp 665-676. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.02.005

Cutter, S., Christopher, G., Burton, R., and Christopher, C.T. (2011). Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 7(1) Economics 3, pp 235-239. DOI: 10.2202/1547-7355.1732

Franken Berger, T.R., Sutter, P., Teshome, A., Aberra, A., Tefera, M., Tefera, A., Taffesse, A., and Ejigsemahu, Y. (2007). Ethiopia: The path to self-resiliency. Vol 1, final report, Prepared for CHF - Partners in Rural Development On behalf of: Canadian Network of NGOs in Ethiopia (CANGO), 107p, https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources.

Jha, K.‚ Miner‚ W., and Geddes‚ S. (2012). Building urban resilience: principles, tools, and practice. The World Bank Group‚ Open Knowledge Repository, 155p, https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/13109.

Kuswandari, R. (2004). Assessment of different methods for measuring the sustainability of forest management. International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, Enscheda, Netherlands, 256p, https://webapps.itc.utwente.nl/librarywww/papers.

Liao, K.H. (2012). A theory on urban resilience to floods- A basis for alternative planning practices. Ecology and Society, 17(4), pp 48-59, http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-05231-170448

Marom, W. A. (2014). Mapping and measuring social vulnerabilities of coastal areas of Bangkok and Periphery. 5th Global Forum on Urban Resilience and Adaptation, Proceedings of the Resilient Cities 2014 Congress. Bonn. Germany, pp 29-31, https://idl-bnc-idrc.dspacedirect.org/bitstream/handle/10625/53876/IDL-53876.

Matyas, D., and Pelling, M. (2015). Positioning resilience for 2015: the role of resistance, incremental adjustment, and transformation in disaster risk management policy. Disasters, 39(1), pp 1-18. DOI/10.1111/disa.12107/.

Meerow, S., Newell, J.P., and Stults, M. (2016). Defining urban resilience: A review. Landscape and Urban Planning, 147, pp 38-49. DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.11.011.

Mitchell, T., and Harris, K. (2012). Resilience: A risk management approach ODI (Overseas Development Institute) Background Note, London, 7p, this and other ODI Background Notes are available from www.odi.org.uk.

Mostafazadeh, R., Sadoddin, A., Bahremand, A., Berdi Sheikh, V., and Zare Garizi, A. (2017). Scenario analysis of flood control structures using a multi-criteria decision-making technique in Northeast Iran. Natural Hazards, 87, pp 1827-1846. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-017-2851-1.

Nakabayashi, I. (1994). Urban planning based on disaster risk assessment; in disaster management in metropolitan areas for the 21st Century. Proceedings of the IDNDR Aichi/Nagoya International Conference, Nagoya, Japan, 575p, http://www.virtualref.com/uncrd/1389.htm.

Seejata, K., Yodying, A., Wongthadam, T., Mahavik, N., and Tantanee, S. (2018). Assessment of flood hazard areas using Analytical Hierarchy Process over the Lower Yom Basin, Sukhothai Province. Procedia Engineering, 212, pp 340-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2018.01.044.

Serre, D., and Heinzlef, C. (2018). Assessing and mapping urban resilience to floods with respect to cascading effects through critical infrastructure networks. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 30, pp 235-243. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.02.018.

Souissi, D., Zouhri, L., Hammami, S., Msaddek, M.H., Zghibi, A., and Dlala, M. (2020). GIS-based MCDM – AHP modeling for flood susceptibility mapping of arid areas, southeastern Tunisia. Geointernational, 35(9), pp 991-1017. https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2019.1566405.

Vanolo, A. (2015). The Fordist city and the creative city: Evolution and resilience in Turin, Italy. City, Culture and Society, 6(3), pp 69-74, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2015.01.003.