Simultaneous analysis of ENSO, IOD, and QBO cycles on dust storm oscillations in western Iran

Vatanparast Galeh Juq, Fatemeh; Salahi, Bromand; Zeinali, Batool

doi:10.22111/jneh.2023.45793.1966

Simultaneous analysis of ENSO, IOD, and QBO cycles on dust storm oscillations in western Iran

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

¹ Ph.D of Climatology, Department of Physical Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran

² Professor of Climatology, Department of Physical Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran

³ Associate Professor of Climatology, Department of Physical Geography, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran

10.22111/jneh.2023.45793.1966

Abstract

Teleconnection patterns by affecting the creation and non-creation of wind cause dust particles to rise from the surface of the earth into the air and create dust storms. This research aim is to evaluate the simultaneous effects of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) cycles on the fluctuation of dust storms in western Iran. For this purpose, dust storm codes and horizontal visibility of less than 1 km were used in 38 synoptic stations in western Iran during 1987-2022. By applying the statistical method, the outputs were transferred to the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment, and the zoning of the ratio of the averages was done with the kriging interpolation method. The findings showed that there is an inverse relationship between the teleconnections and the frequency of dust storms in most of the studied stations, which account for 95%, 58%, and 87% of the studied area in ENSO, IOD, and QBO indices, respectively. The highest correlation coefficients between -0.94 and -1 were observed in Piranshahr and Khalkhal stations, which is significant in the IOD index at the 99% confidence level. The results of the interpolation of the average dust ratio to the annual long-term average showed that the coincidence of the cold phase of ENSO with the negative phase of QBO had the greatest effect on the increase of annual dust storms in western Iran in the long-term, while the coincidence of the positive phase of IOD with the positive phase of QBO with a lesser effect is associated with increasing the frequency of dust storms.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Climatology

References

References (in Persian)

Bagherabadi, R., M. Moeinaddini, M. (2023). Sources Tracking of Dust Storms in the West of Iran (Case Study Kermanshah City). Journal of Desert Management, 10(4), pp 21-38. [In Persian]

Baghbanan, B. (2020). The analysis of large-scale oceanic-atmospheric patterns' role in spatiotemporal variations of dust storms in Iran. Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D) in Climatology (Climatic Hazards), Supervisor: Yousef Ghavidel Rahimi Faculty of Humanities Department of Physical Geography, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran. [In Persian]

Boroughani, M. (2022). Investigating the Trend of Changes and Correlation between the Occurrences of Dust in Iran. Journal of Geographical Research, 10(1), pp 69-81. [In Persian]

Fazel nia, G., hakim Dost, S. Y., Belyani, Y. A., (2014). A comprehensive guide of GIS models in urban. Rural and environmental planning. 4^th edition, Azad Peyma Publishing House, Tehran, 256. [In Persian]

Halabian, A. H., Mohammadi, B. (2012). The relation of the monthly temperature of some sample stations in Iran with different ENSO indices. Journal of Geographical Space, 12(38), pp 1-69. [In Persian]

Ghaedamini, H., Nazem Alsadat, S. M. J., Kouhizadeh, M., Sabziparvar, A. A. (2014). Individual and coupled effects of the ENSO and PDO on autumnal dry and wet periods in the southern parts of Iran. Iranian Journal of Geophysics, 8(2), pp 92-109. [In Persian]

Jahanbakhsh, S., Sari Sarraf, B., Ghaemi H., Pourasghar, F. (2011). Studying the influence of the Indian Ocean dipole phenomenon on seasonal rainfall variability over the southern provinces of Iran. Journal of Geographical Research, 26(103), pp 27-46. [In Persian]

Mahmoudi, p., Khosravi, m., Masoodian, S. A., Alijani, B. (2015). Relationship between Teleconnection Patterns and Iran’s Pervasive Frosts. Journal of Geography and Development, 13(40), pp 175-194. [In Persian]

Miri, M. (2011). Statistical analysis - Synopsis of the dust phenomenon in the western half of Iran. Master’s thesis, supervisor, Qasem Azizi, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran. [In Persian]

Mofidi, A. (2006). Dynamic analysis of the role of large-scale circulation in the ozone layer in the ozone layer. Quarterly Journal of Land Geography, 3(10), pp 155-127. [In Persian]

Mehravar, S., Ghaedamini, H. A., Nazemosadat, M. J. (2018). On the Madden-Julian Oscillations and El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Iranian Journal of Geophysics, 12(2), pp 109-126. [In Persian]

Nazemosadat, M. J., Mehravar, S., Ghaedamini, H. A. (2013). Evaluation of the Simultaneous Interactions of ENSO and MJO on the Occurrence of Dry and Wet Spells in Iran connection and their feedback on autumnal precipitation in Fars province, Iran. Iran-Water Resources Research, 9(1), pp 48-60. [In Persian]

Zeynali, B., Frotan, M. (2023). Simultaneous effect of NAO and AMO remote bonding indices on temperature and precipitation variability of cities adjacent to Sabalan. Journal of Environmental Sciences Studies, 8(1), pp 5857-5868. [In Persian]

References (in English)

Almazroui, M., Alobaidi, M., Saeed, S., Mashat, A., Assiri, M. (2018). The possible impact of the circumglobal wave train on the wet season dust storm activity over the northern Arabian Peninsula. Climate Dynamics, 50, pp 2257–2268.

Al-Qadi, T. A., Muslih, K. D., Shiltagh, A.G. (2021). Analysis of Correlation and Coupling between El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Dust Storms in Iraq from 1971 to 2016. Iraqi Geological Journal, 54(1E), pp 103-113.

Banerjee P., Kumar, S. (2016). ENSO Modulation of Interannual Variability of Dust Aerosols over the Northwest Indian Ocean. Journal of Climate, 29(4), pp 1287–1303.

Gong, S. L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhao, T. L. X., Zhang, B., Barrie, L. A., McKendry, I. G., Zhao, C. S. (2006). A simulated climatology of Asiandust aerosol and its trans-Pacific transport. Part II: Interannual variability and climate connections, J. Clim, 19, pp 104–122.

Gong, D. Y., Mao, R., Shi, P. J., Fan, Y.D. (2007). Correlation between East Asian dust storm frequency and PNA, Geophysical Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL029944.

Hara, Y., Uno, I., Wang, Z. (2006). Long-term variation of Asian dust and related climate factors. An Atmospheric Environment, 40(35), pp 6730-6740.

Huang, Y., Liu, X., Yin, Z. Y., An, Z. (2021). Global Impact of ENSO on Dust Activities with Emphasis on the Key Region from the Arabian Peninsula to Central Asia. JGR: Atmospheres, 126(9). e2020JD034068.

Chakraborty, A., Swadhin, B., Milind, M., Ryohjiand O., Toshio, Y. (2006). Diagnosis of Tropospheric Moisture over Saudi Arabia and Influences of IOD and ENSO. American Meteorological Society, 134, pp 598-617.

James A. A., Theodore, G., Shepherd J., Scinocca, F. (2010). Influence of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on the Extratropical Winter Stratosphere in an Atmospheric General Circulation Model and in Reanalysis Data. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 67(5), pp 1402-1419.

Kaskaoutis, D. G., Rashki, A., Houssos, E. E., Mofidi, A., Goto, D., Bartzokas, A., Francois P., Legrand, M. (2015). Meteorological aspects associated with dust storms in the Sistan region, southeastern Iran. Climate Dynamics, 45, pp 407–424.

Lee, Y. G., Kim, J., Ho, C. H., An, S. I., Cho, H. K., Mao, R., Tian, B., Wu, D., Lee, J. N., Kalashnikova, O., Choi, Y., Yeh, S.W. (2015). The effects of ENSO under negative AO phase on spring dust activity over northern China: an observational investigation. International Journal of Climatology, 35(6), pp 935-947.

Okin, G. S., Reheis, M. C. (2002). An ENSO predictor of dust emission in the southwestern United States. Geophysical Research Letters, 29(9), pp1-46.

Xin, X. (2022). Recent extreme dust storms in Central Asia are associated with tropical Pacific and Arctic teleconnections. Bibcode: 2022AGUFM.A55O1314X.