Environmental Footprint and its Influence on Food Security in Iran: A Comprehensive Analysis

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Economics of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Tourism, Bam Higher Education Complex, Bam, Iran

2 Professor of Economics of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Food security is one of the basic needs of all human societies and has been given much attention as one of the axes of development in Iran's economic, social, and cultural development programs. The environment is the habitat of humans and the basis of all human activities. Considering the role and importance of the environment in food supply and food security, this study uses a system of simultaneous equations- seemingly unrelated regression estimation–to investigate the impact of environmental, economic, and agricultural variables on Iran's food security in the period 1990-2021. The results of the study showed that the variables of environmental footprint, added value of the agricultural sector, gross domestic product per capita, cereal yield, and energy consumption, with coefficients of 0.605, 0.122, 0.012, 0.373, and 0.202, respectively, had a positive and meaningful impact on Iran’s food security. In addition, the variables of environmental footprint added value of the agriculture sector, energy consumption, and inflation harmed the final consumption expenditure of households, with coefficients of 0.457, 0.176, 0.310, and 0.027, respectively. However, gross domestic product per capita with a coefficient of 0.115 caused an increase in the final consumption expenditure of households. Therefore, considering the importance of food security issues, it is suggested that to maintain and improve food security, agricultural sector support policies, increased investment in food production, and policies to increase people's purchasing power should be given more attention. Because the environment is the basis of all human activities, including food production, in the long term, attention should be paid to environmental sustainability and quality improvement. The use of less-polluting technologies in the production of agricultural products and food can be effective in increasing food security.

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References

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Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 12 January 2025

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  • Receive Date: 24 March 2024
  • Revise Date: 09 December 2024
  • Accept Date: 12 January 2025

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